✓ Balanced Reporting [9/10]: The headline frames the article around a survivor-supportive message while posing a critical societal question, inviting reflection rather than asserting a partisan stance.

"Our message is always ‘it’s not your fault’. Why does society sometimes say otherwise?"

✕ Framing by Emphasis [4/10]: The headline emphasizes survivor support, which is consistent with the author's advocacy role, but may subtly downplay space for alternative viewpoints in public discourse.

"Our message is always ‘it’s not your fault’. Why does society sometimes say otherwise?"

✕ Loaded Language [8/10]: Phrases like 'dismal events', 'shocking and indefensible', and 'beyond belief' convey strong moral judgment, which is consistent with advocacy but reduces neutrality.

"It was disappointing that, despite the outpouring of support from the public and broad welcome from survivors of sexual violence, our banner coincided with two dismal events which highlighted, in very different ways, troubling attitudes in Irish society."

✕ Editorializing [9/10]: The author expresses personal moral condemnation ('In my mind, nobody should...') rather than reporting diverse perspectives, blurring the line between opinion and news reporting.

"In my mind, nobody should try to put forward what they consider to be redeeming qualities to offset harm done by a perpetrator – but for an elected representative to do so is beyond belief."

✕ Appeal to Emotion [7/10]: The article appeals to moral outrage and empathy for survivors, which may be appropriate for advocacy but risks overshadowing dispassionate analysis.

"This is shocking and indefensible."

✓ Proper Attribution [9/10]: Claims about public attitudes are clearly attributed to national research conducted by the Dublin Rape Crisis Centre.

"national research we carried out last year that showed victim-blaming remains worryingly high"

✓ Comprehensive Sourcing [7/10]: The article references multiple sources: public research, institutional actions (Munster Rugby), judicial outcomes (conviction), and political responses (Taoiseach, Tánaiste).

✕ Vague Attribution [6/10]: The former TD is unnamed, and no source is provided for this detail, reducing transparency about how this information was obtained.

"The so-far unnamed former TD gave a reference for Daniel Ramamoorthy"

✓ Comprehensive Sourcing [8/10]: The article provides context on victim-blaming attitudes using survey data, including specific statistics on false accusation beliefs and skepticism toward intoxicated survivors.

"one in five people think this is the case"

✕ Cherry-Picking [5/10]: The article focuses on negative societal reactions without presenting any counter-examples of institutional or public support for survivor advocacy beyond the banner itself.

✕ Omission [6/10]: No response is included from Munster Rugby, Roger Randle, or the former TD; nor is there mention of any legal or procedural context for the withdrawal of charges against Randle.