Masculinity
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Score Range
Frames traditional masculinity as toxic and rooted in denigration and violence
The article presents traditional male traits—strength, muscularity, physical dominance—as inherently linked to misogyny and revanchist ideology, using Cassino’s analysis to equate admiration of male physique with political mobilisation of 'retrograde men'. This framing lacks counter-narratives about healthy masculinity.
“For the most revanchist, retrograde men, MMA fighters are a good example of the kinds of traits men should have: young, muscular, strong and willing to use violence.”
framed as a defensive performance shaped by shame and surveillance
The article repeatedly shows masculinity as a fragile construct enforced through social monitoring and familial authority, positioning it as something under constant threat rather than inherently secure.
“In that moment, De Leon begins learning one of masculinity’s oldest rules: that it’s less of an identity than it is a defence.”
Traditional masculinity framed as harmful, especially when promoted online
[loaded_language] and [contextualisation]: The article consistently associates traditional masculinity with misogyny, homophobia, and algorithmic radicalization, portraying it as damaging.
“The manosphere has come to define a really egregious part of the internet, social media [and] our algorithms that really drives homophobia, transphobia, misogyny, violence and perpetuates traditional masculine ideas to young men.”